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Strengthening Your Speaking Savvy

By Naomi Karten

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Summary: Speaking at a conference can work wonders for your credibility. Delivering a presentation is an opportunity to share your insights, convey valuable information, and gain a reputation as an expert on your topic. Provided you keep a few key points in mind. In this article, Naomi Karten offers suggestions for successful presentations.


ThoughtWorks
I'll never forget one particular presenter at a software conference I attended. According to the session description, his talk would address some thorny issues that were plaguing many conference attendees. The room was packed with people eager for his insights and advice.

To our amazement, he read his presentation word for word, from beginning to end--this, mind you, immediately after a carb-laden, nap-inducing lunch. Some people can read a prepared text and still sound spontaneous, but Mr. Word-for-Word’s monotony detracted from his otherwise interesting material.

His audience may have forgiven him for reading his presentation if he hadn't made one glaring gaffe: Before beginning his talk, he distributed a complete transcript of it.

Poor fellow! By the time he'd recited the closing sentence, half the audience had walked out. The other half remained, perhaps due to interest in the topic--or perhaps because his droning recitation made the room a perfect location for an après-lunch snooze. As a professional speaker, I remained out of empathy. I still remember my first conference presentation more than twenty years ago, and I know how unnerving public speaking can be for those inexperienced at it.

Fortunately, Mr. Word-for-Word concluded his talk before his allotted time was up. He then opened the session for questions. I assumed no one would ask any (why make a bad situation worse?) and that after an embarrassing silence, the session would end.

But someone did raise a question, and to everyone’s surprise the speaker came alive. He was enthusiastic and articulate. He had some provocative ideas and opinions, including some sharp criticisms of his management. He responded to every question with eagerness. Clearly, he knew his stuff and knew it well. Why he relied on a prepared text is a mystery.

If you'll be speaking at a conference or meeting, here are some suggestions for delivering a polished presentation:

  • Use notes if they'll help you remember your key points. But don't read your presentation unless legal or other circumstances require you to do so. And don't memorize the presentation. In most settings, listeners prefer an informal, conversational, me-to-you style of presenting to the formal rendering of a scripted text.
  • Start strong. Take a few deep breaths, look to the people at the back of the room, and project your voice to them. You will sound confident, and that will help you feel confident. If you become nervous at any point during your presentation, slow down and speak louder. This really works! Your insides may be playing hopscotch, but your audience will never know.
  • Monitor your pace. Some people unwittingly speak much faster when in front of an audience. There’s a big difference between speaking at an energetic pace and speaking so quickly your audience can't keep up. In fact, it’s a good idea to pause periodically. Some presenters fear silence and pack every second with content. But in a presentation, less can be much, much more, because a moderated pace and the occasional moments of silence give listeners a chance to absorb what they've heard.
  • Make occasional eye contact with people in different parts of the audience. Each audience member will experience you as speaking directly to him. Don't be like the presenter I once saw, who gazed intently at the floor through most of his presentation–as if he believed that by not looking at us, we wouldn't see him.
  • Believe in yourself. I once coached a fellow who was terrified about an upcoming presentation. When I asked him to imagine me as his audience and give his presentation, he stood up rigidly and his words came out in a muffled, garbled mish-mash. I asked him to sit down and tell me what his talk was about. Immediately he transformed back into the personable, animated colleague I knew and presented a good bit of the talk. When I asked what changed when he was seated, he looked puzzled, and then broke out in a big grin as he realized he had just given a great performance. What he needed were pointers and practice.
  • Practice is at the heart of successful speaking. Practice out loud, and perhaps even record your run-through. Even after twenty years as a professional speaker, I never assume that what I want to say in a new presentation will sound as good when I speak it as it does in my head. When I hear myself speak it out loud, I invariably encounter bumps that need smoothing, ideas not fully formed, and words that get scrambled. Nothing beats practice at helping you sound like a pro when you present.
  • Don't worry about making mistakes. Instead, accept that one thing or another often does go wrong--and you will survive. One of the benefits of experience is that we don't let the inevitable glitches throw us. But regardless of your level of experience, most audiences want you to succeed, and they will forgive a lot. Imagine the worst thing you can imagine happening and plan how you'll deal with it. And if you lose your place, misstate something, or run into any of the many other possible snags, don't call undue attention to it. Just keep going.
  • Happily, most software audiences appreciate solid content over performance pizzazz. I've heard speakers at software conferences who fell short in terms of the technicalities of speaking, yet kept their audiences mesmerized because of the compelling nature of their ideas and information. In preparing your presentation, clarify your objectives. Identify the key points you want to make. Incorporate stories and examples to illustrate your points. Involve the audience as much as you can, even if only by asking how many have had a certain experience you're going to talk about. End by emphasizing the key points you want people to take away and apply.
And whatever you do, don't distribute your complete text in advance--especially for an after-lunch presentation. The reputation you save will be your own.


About the Author
Naomi Karten (www.nkarten.com) draws from her psychology, technical, and management experience to help organizations improve customer and employee satisfaction. As a consultant and seminar leader, she has delivered seminars and presentations to more than 100,000 people internationally to help them manage customer expectations, strengthen teamwork, manage change, and build communication and consulting skills. Her books, Communication Gaps and How to Close Them and Managing Expectations, offer practical tools and advice for carrying out projects, delivering superior service, implementing change, and building strong relationships. Her handbook, How to Establish Service Level Agreements, has helped organizations worldwide establish successful SLAs. Her newsletter, Perceptions & Realities, has been highly acclaimed as practical, informative, and a breath of fresh air. Contact her at naomi@nkarten.com.

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Comment:    
by Santisantosh Mahapatra 3/8/2006

Hi, These are really the pin point what we need to do to catch good attention of out listners. I think one of the important point is how one should raise the pace and increase interest in listners if everything is not going fine at one point.What do you think?

Author's Response:
3/9/2006    
Hi Santisantosh. It’s not always obvious why things aren’t going well during a presentation, or even whether they actually aren’t going well. I remember a key manager in one of my client presentations who gave me a stern, blank stare during the entire presentation. I was positive she was hating it. Afterwards, she came up to me and told me it was one of the best presentations she had ever attended. If you sense that it’s not going well, one of the best ways to increase interest is to actively engage your audience, such as by inviting questions, posing questions to them (“What do you do in your company when . . . ?”), or dividing them into small groups to briefly discuss a relevant issue. Another option, one that most people don't even consider, is to be forthright: ask for their feedback about how the presentation is going and what would help them get what they want from it. Doing this takes courage, but can be very effective. Sometimes, the problem is that the presenter is speaking too softly (or too loudly) or too slow (or too fast) or something of that sort that can be easily adjusted. It’s a shame to wait till it’s too late (and they’ve given you poor ratings) to learn about an adjustment you could easily have made if only you knew about it earlier.

 
 
Comment:    
by Darshan Domah 3/7/2006

Excellent advice Naomi. All these points will definitely result in a good presentation. I do remember having trouble with a couple of these during my last presentation at a testing conference. I would also like to add that conferences usually happens a few times during the year and it does help a speaker to have a venue for regular practice, such as on a weekly or bi-weekly basis. Joining a Toastmasters club in your area can do wonders for conference speakers. I have personally gained significantly form Toastmasters, in terms of controling fear of public speaking, building confidence and using body language during speech delivery. Do take...Read On

Author's Response:
3/7/2006    
Darshan, thank you, thank you for mentioning Toastmasters. You are absolutely right. It’s an excellent resource, whether you’ve yet to give your first presentation and are terrified at the very thought or you’re a professional speaker looking to add some finesse to your delivery. It’s a very supportive environment, and there are Toastmaster Clubs nearly everywhere -- and it’s very inexpensive to join. You can even attend a meeting or two just to have a look. Info is at http://www.toastmasters.org.

 
 
Comment:    
by JAY KAY 3/7/2006

Excellent Article!! I have forwarded this article to all my friends who had faced the stage fear problems. Really useful one! Cool one!

Author's Response:
3/7/2006    
Jay, I’m so glad you liked the article. I wish you and your friends all the best in tackling stage fright. Feel free to contact me (naomi@nkarten.com) if you have any questions.

 
 
Comment:    
by Ian Cooper 3/7/2006

I totally concurr with your comments, but I also must add that certain presenters do not prepare their own presentations. While they know a great deal about the subject this is badly delivered as a secretary/PA has prepared on their behalf. I also feel that body language is just as important in the presentation.

Author's Response:
3/7/2006    
Hi Ian. That’s an excellent point about presentations that someone else has prepared. Even when you know the subject well, it can be a challenge to give a good presentation when the material isn’t your own. And you are right about body language – it can make or break a presentation.

 
 
Comment:    
by Gene Fellner 3/6/2006

It helps to practice a presentation--but don't over-rehearse it to the point that you've memorized it. Only professional actors can recite something they've memorized and make it sound interesting. Most of your sentences should be ones that you came up with on the spot, not repetitions of the way you wrote them down. Of course, when you start your speaking career, you'll probably be writing your speeches and reciting them word-for-word. But try to remember the point you have in mind, not a specific way of saying it. Speak the way you would conversationally, by rendering your thoughts into words in real time, not by reciting them. It...Read On

Author's Response:
3/6/2006    
Gene, hi. Good points -- thanks for offering them. One exception: I know professional speakers who are not professional actors who memorize every syllable and who give effective and powerful presentations. But it’s certainly not an approach I recommend. One risk of memorizing (among many) is that if you forget the next word, you’re lost, as if the teleprompter in your head has gone dark. I also know speakers who give the same two or three presentations repeatedly over an entire career. They’re skilled at sounding spontaneous, but it seems mind-numbing to me. I particularly like your suggestion to remember the point you have in mind, not a specific way of saying it.

 
 
Comment:    
by Danny Faught 3/6/2006

Good advice, Naomi! I've made several of these mistakes myself. Slowing down and pausing regularly is hard but so very important to do. Pausing with several seconds of confident silence also increases the chances that we'll get questions from the audience, when we give them a chance to process what we've said. Getting good questions gives a speaker a big boost, as you discussed, which gets the rest of the audience engaged.

Author's Response:
3/6/2006    
Hi there Danny! You’re right that slowing down and pausing is hard. The hardest part is just remembering to do it. It has to become intentional so that you can adjust your pacing and pausing as appropriate to emphasize key points. And then, as you pointed out, you get the added benefit of answering listeners’ questions. Less experienced presenters are often fearful of questions from the audience, but (as you already know), it’s one of the most invigorating parts of giving a presentation.

 
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