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Before Implementing Scrum, Consider This...

By Alicia Yanik

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Summary: So, you want to practice Scrum? Great idea, but don't be fooled. Great ideas are rarely easy to implement. Alicia Yanik found implementing Scrum to be anything but easy. In this week's column, Alicia contests that the process is certainly worthwhile, makes sense, yet definitely is nothing close to easy to implement.


Seapine
I come from a rogue band of project managers who firmly believe there has to be something better than chaos, waterfall, and complete control. Six years into my project management experience a colleague recommended I look into Scrum. It was like entering the promise land for buck-the-system type project managers – and it all made so much common sense.  
 
The company I worked for at the time existed in the land of chaos. Those at the top thought the implementation of any process would lead to the inevitable demise and downfall of the free world. Yet they bought off on Scrum, or rather, on what they heard when I described Scrum. This is important, so pay attention: they bought off on what they wanted to hear. It’s easy to evangelize Scrum, to explain the benefits, and show how -- by implementing Scrum -- an organization achieves success every thirty days. Who wouldn't want to give Scrum a shot with those odds? The executives heard "daily status," "just enough documentation and requirements to be successful," and "new increments every thirty days." What they didn't hear was "no interruptions for thirty days," and "the sprint goal doesn't change during the sprint." 
 
I succeeded in getting approval for Scrum, but then I floundered. Where should I start? What should I do? How was I going to make this happen? I found myself reading any article I could find related to Agile practices and Scrum in particular. I ordered books, I joined user groups, I even posted to user groups (and as all good introverts can attest, we NEVER post to user groups).  
 
I decided to begin with the logistics of Scrum by holding daily stand ups, creating a backlog, tracking the burn down, and then I thought about what should come next. I believed the logistics of Scrum were easy to implement, but the power of Scrum doesn't lie in the logistics. The Scrum team holds the power. The team was initially hesitant about Scrum, but they quickly embraced it. I created a "mini-training" for the team, and was zealous in my excitement for Scrum and Agile in general. I always had a "scrummy" solution for removing any obstacle in our path. 
 
The team didn't face many of the traditional pitfalls of software development. We released often, the work was always on time, and the team worked exceptionally well together. Our problems were in the planning, or rather, the fact that the planning never stopped and the priorities were never set. Our code was released literally as soon as it was written. The pace was quietly frantic and nothing was sustainable about our release process. With only four developers to write new code and support existing products, determine priority, define requirements, and perform any and all testing, we were headed for Burn-Out Fest ’04. 
 
We had the Scrum logistics in place, but I struggled with harnessing the team’s power. I devoured more Scrum information and turned to the team for their ideas. We spent time in every team meeting talking about Scrum and how to move forward. Ken Schwaber noted in class that it’s quite possible, and likely, someone on a new-to-Scrum team won't like Scrum. I found that to be the case with one of my software developers who pitted himself against Scrum and the rest of the team. Ultimately, Scrum wasn't for him so I stopped the bus, he got off, and someone new climbed on. I also faced resistance from a product manager who decided we needed process and documentation before we could even begin to start with something as simple as the daily stand ups.  
 
Then I took a closer look and noticed the team problem solving, self-organizing, and trying out Scrum practices without any nudging from me. Within a month of their introduction to Scrum, the team was making changes to their environment and beginning to introduce new practices into their coding conventions. Within six months the team decided to re-architect their entire code base – to make it more Agile! The skeptics on the team were starting to ask for books and beginning to encourage each other to try new practices. We adopted a try-it-before-you-buy-it approach, so if something didn't work, we would throw it on the give-away pile. We reached that point where you just know you're practicing Scrum because you feel it. 
 
So, where are we now? We continue to struggle with interruptions and bits of scope creep. I'm more aware of how often I was controlling, even as a self-professed non-controlling project manager. Our sprint goals aren't particularly impressive, but we work together as a collective group. Two new members joined the ranks and have already become an integral part of our team. Our release schedules and pace are sustainable and our ability to plan is markedly better each month. The priorities of the organization are clear and aligned. We continue to try new ideas: the latest is the integration of User Stories as requirements. We are excited to come to work. Recently, a co-worker described the development team as the most productive, focused, and excited as he’s ever seen them (he’s worked with this team for five years). I maintain implementing Scrum is one of the harder things I've done in my career as a project manager--and I believe one of the most rewarding as well.


About the Author
Alicia Yanik (alicia.yanik@gmail.com) has been managing web-based software development projects since 1998. She became an Agile zealot in 2004 and began her role as ScrumMaster in the spring of 2004. Since then, she's led the adoption and implementation of Scrum for Atlas OnePoint, a division of Atlas DMT.

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Comment:    
by Laura Dilbeck 7/20/2005

What resouce books or training were the most realistic and helpful to you?

 
 
Comment:    
by Mary Ann Dempster 4/25/2005

I hate to be the dummy here, but what is Scrum? I have never heard of it. Can someone point me in the right direction to find out? Thanks in advance for your help!

 
 
Comment:    
by Alessandro Cavalieri 4/1/2005

Alicia, I'm now at the same point as you were at the beginning. I have read a lot of articles and a couple books regarding SCRUM ad now I (think) feel ready. I'm starting my first SCRUM project in days with a small team, but, what it takes care to me is, I think that management did not understand exactly what SCRUM means, I could have wrote the first two pharagrafs like yours. Some usefull advices? Good article, thanks, Alessandro

 
 
Comment:    
by Joe Little 3/18/2005

Hi, Alicia. Liked your article, which sounds very fair and accurate to me. I would like to suggest that the summary comments at the top are a bit misleading. Actually building software (that the users want) is HARD. And, compared to other approaches, Scrum makes it easier. As no surprise, Scrum is no silver bullet. It may seem as though Scrum is hard, but in fact it is getting through all the old ways of doing things (among the blocks), and just getting through "doing the work" -- those are actually hard. (And hard mainly because the problems are just complex.) So it is not Scrum per se that is hard. Does this make sense to...Read On

Author's Response:
3/20/2005    
Hi Joe and yes, your comments do make sense. I maintain that Scrum itself can be hard to implement and it was my experiences themselves that led me to believe this. I do agree with you, getting rid of old behaviors is a huge challenge itself. Glad you liked the article.

 
 
Comment:    
by Alexey K. 3/17/2005

Hi, Alicia. This sounds amazing how smoothly it all is going for you! I know some folks practicing XP, according to what they're saying it is not the easiest thing to do; similar things I've heard from people doing PSP/TSP. It all had been going hard and required lots of self-contribution and focus on changing of work habbits, which you know are not the easiest things in the world.. So I'm really glad you're feeling happy doing your way. But.. maybe it is not in Scrum which brings you success, but it is your personal skills and team's attitude that make it work so smoothly? Not from my personal experience but from the books I know that...Read On

Author's Response:
3/20/2005    
Hi Alexey, I think my leadership style and the team's willingness to adopt Scrum certainly had much to do with the success we achieved. I also very strongly believe that Scrum provided a great framework in which we could be successful. I do agree that learning from other experiences would be helpful as well.

 
 
Comment:    
by Paul Hodgetts 3/15/2005

Alicia, congratulations on your perseverance and successes! Whether with Scrum or another approach, it's always satisfying to have actually made a difference and improved things. Jeff Sutherland talks about the "Zen of Scrum" -- Scrum is easy, Scrum is hard. The practices of Scrum are remarkably straightforward and easy, yet the implementation of them brings up all sorts of impediments which is hard. You didn't mention any problems with the practices themselves -- all of your issues seem to be with the organization and team. You chose the approach of going it yourself, which certainly has the advantage of gaining a deeper...Read On

Author's Response:
3/17/2005    
You bet Paul, a coach would probably have helped, at least during the initial days of implementing Scrum. I didn't have the option of hiring a coach, but if those looking to bring Scrum into their organizations can find a way to bring in an experienced ScrumMaster/Coach or trainer, I would encourage them to do so.

 
 
Comment:    
by Steven Rosenfeld 3/15/2005

As the SQE lead on an ongoing project, I' being exposed to the SCRUM process for the first time. So far I like the way the process is evolving, because the development team understands that if we are going to test at every transition, we have to have very good developer-tester communication. Time will tell, but I feel that our SQE team is getting access to system understanding early and often. That gives me more confidence that we will be able to do our job thoroughly and efficiently.

Author's Response:
3/17/2005    
Hi Steven, our QA folks are excited that Scrum encourages so much collaboration and communication between the developers and QA too. Like you, they feel this enables them to do their best work and ensure the overall system performs optimally.

 
 
Comment:    
by Andrew Raybould 3/15/2005

Alicia, If software development could be made easy, it would have been automated by now. One should be extremely skeptical of claims that any development process is easy to make work. I have said it repeatedly before, and I will continue to do so as long as it goes unrecognized: software development is an intellectual activity that calls for, amongst other things, creativity, judgement, and the ability to understand and reason about abstract ideas. Given the state of AI, it will not soon be reduced to an algorithm, and so will not soon be turned into an easy procedure.

Author's Response:
3/17/2005    
I agree Andrew, software development isn't easy, nor is any process one might put in place to enable better development practices. One of the primary reasons I thought to write this article was to express just that very sentiment.

 
 
Comment:    
by J ’Brody’ Brodock 3/14/2005

We are in the middle of your first scrum project, which in truth is actually a second attempt at the project that started (and had every indication of failing) using the iterative waterfall. We are working in a validated environment and are not agile, yet the switchover seems to have gotten the project on track. We have implemented a three sprint scrum based on 30 workdays (6 weeks) with the third sprint being a stabilization sprint We too had some holdouts, and we still have one or two that are slowly coming on board. In fact I was initially very concerned about the agile connotation as I have never seen purported agile projects result...Read On

Author's Response:
3/14/2005    
Hi Brody and thanks for your comments. I think it's great you are implementing agile processes despite not considering your company "agile". I found that Scrum can be wrapped around agile practices, or around no practices at all and have a significant impact in a short period of time. Your team sounds like they are coming around! I encourage you to use the retrospective to your fullest advantage - it's an incredibly powerful meeting for the team.

 
 
Comment:    
by Lisa Crispin 3/14/2005

That's a good point about Scrum being an easy sell but not easy to implement (although I think it's the easiest 'agile' process to implement). Our team has been through similar struggles. Do you have any tips for how to get a team to really self-direct? Programmers can be used to management cracking the whip and calling the shots. For us it seemed hard to believe we could really self-direct (and also, frightening when there was a problem and nobody just gave us an answer.).

Author's Response:
3/14/2005    
Hi Lisa. It is really hard for a team to believe they can self-direct, isn't it? I think the ScrumMaster has to be willing to learn what it means to coach a team and to be consistent and encouraging. And I think the team has to believe change is possible and be willing to take a chance on something new. It might sound trite, but a few small wins really does give people courage; the ScrumMaster should be able to set the team up for success within the first few sprints.

 
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